What Is Mastitis? Causes, Symptoms, and Baby Crying During Breastfeeding

What is Mastitis?

Mastitis occurs when part of the breast becomes inflamed and swollen. This condition, often associated with breastfeeding, is known as "lactational mastitis." It typically develops in the early months of breastfeeding but can happen at any time.

Swelling in the breast can restrict milk flow, leading to discomfort and sometimes resulting in a baby crying during feeding. Treatment aims to alleviate pain and restore milk flow. If left untreated, blocked milk flow can result in an infection.

What is Engorgement?

Engorgement refers to swelling in the breast tissue surrounding the milk ducts. This usually happens when milk first comes in a few days after birth or if milk production exceeds the baby's consumption. Both breasts may feel full and painful. Regular breastfeeding with a proper latch helps relieve engorgement. If engorgement leads to difficulty feeding, it may result in a baby crying due to frustration.

What Causes Mastitis and How Baby Crying Connects to Nursing

Mastitis often affects one breast and can occur due to:

• Difficulty emptying milk during feeding
• Nipple injuries, like cracks or blisters
• Oversupply of milk

Swelling narrows the milk ducts, making it harder for milk to flow to the nipple. This blockage can sometimes make feeding uncomfortable for the baby, contributing to a baby crying during nursing sessions.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Mastitis

Initial symptoms resemble engorgement but typically affect one breast, including:

• Hard, red, or swollen areas
• Breast pain or tenderness

If milk remains blocked for more than a day or two, bacterial mastitis can develop, causing:

• Fever or chills
• Muscle aches
• Fatigue

Doctors usually diagnose mastitis through symptoms and an exam. Tests like breast milk analysis or ultrasound may be needed for severe cases to check for infections or abscesses.

Self-Care for Mastitis

You don't need to stop breastfeeding with mastitis; regular feeding helps clear blockages. To manage symptoms:

• Nurse when your baby shows hunger cues.
• Use a breast pump only if necessary, and avoid fully emptying the breast.
• Apply a cold or warm compress.
• Take pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen.
• Gently massage the affected area toward the nipple to improve milk flow.
• Stay hydrated, rest, and wear a supportive bra.

Preventing Mastitis

While not always preventable, you can lower your risk by:

• Breastfeeding regularly.
• Avoiding over-pumping or emptying the breast entirely.
• Gradually weaning when ready to stop breastfeeding.
• Seeking help from a lactation consultant for latch or milk supply issues.

When to Contact Your Doctor

Reach out to your doctor if:

• Symptoms persist after 1-2 days.
• Signs of infection, like fever or extreme fatigue, develop.
• You encounter difficulties with breastfeeding.

For additional support, consider consulting a lactation expert.